Table 1

Study Period	Species	Location	Number Sampled	Pollutant	Pollutant source	% Poisoned/ Contaminated	Reference
1970	Mute Swan + Pochard	Denmark	10	DDE	Pesticide	0*	Bloch and Kraul, 1972
1975-1979	Mute Swan	Denmark	552	Lead	Lead pellets	11	Anderson-Harild, 1982
1969-1975	Mute Swan	England, Ouse Washes	52	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	4	Owen and Cadbury, 1975
1973	Mute Swan	England, Nottingham	29	Lead	Fishing weights	62	Simpson et al., 1979
1975-1978	Mute Swan	England, Nottingham	66	Lead	-	56	Hardman and Cooper, 1980
1980-1981	Mute Swan	England, various	11	Lead	-	73	NCC, 1981
1979	Mute swan	England, Thames	94	Lead	Fishing weights	57	Birkhead, 1982
1981-1982	Mute swan	England, various rivers	320	Lead	Shot	70	French, 1982
1984	Mute swan	England, various	600	Lead	-	78	French, 1984
1979-1982	Mute swan	England, Thames Valley	89	Lead	Fishing weights	64	Birkhead and Perrins, 1985
1981-1985	Mute Swan	England, East Anglia	627	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	74	Birkhead and Perrins, 1986
1981-1985	Mute Swan	England, various	666	Lead	-	48	Birkhead and Perrins, 1986
1983-1986	Mute swan	England, Thames	166	Lead	Pellets	40	Sears, 1988
1983-1986	Mute swan	England, Thames	518	Lead	Fishing weights	61	Sears et al., 1989
1951-1989	Mute Swan	England, various	193	Lead	-	23	Brown et al., 1992
2000-2002	Mute swan	England, Midlands	1,491	Fishing Line/Hooks	Discarded Tackle	17	Kelly and Kelly, 2004
2000-2003	Mute swan	England, Midlands	1,491	Lead	-	74	Kelly and Kelly, 2004
1984-1986	Mute swan	Ireland	357	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	44	O'Halloran et al., 1988a
1984-1986	Mute swan	Ireland	101	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	68	O'Halloran et al., 1988c
1975-1989	Mute Swan	Netherlands	227	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	1	Esselink and Beekman, 1991
1989	Mute swan	Japan	9	Copper	-	89	Kobavashi et al., 1992
1994-1997	Mute swan	Japan, various	93	Lead	-	34	Ochiai et al., 1999
1981-1985	Mute Swan	Scotland, various	18	Lead	-	33	Birkhead and Perrins, 1986
1980-1984	Mute swan	Scotland	70	Lead	-	13	MacDonald et al., 1987
1980-1986	Mute swan	Scotland	149	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	13	Spray and Milne, 1988
1973-1977	Mute Swan	Sweden	58	Lead	-	19	Frank and Borg, 1979
1973-1977	Mute swan	Sweden	58	Cadmium	Sediment	0**	Frank and Borg, 1979
1995	Mute swan	USA, Anacostia River	17	PAHs	River sediment	52	Beyer et al., 2000a + b
1988	Mute swan	Wales	13	Oil	Milford Haven oil spill	23	Quick, 1993
1969-1975	Whooper swan	England, Ouse washes	5	Lead	Shot	20	Owen and Cadbury, 1975
1979-1981	Whooper swan	England, various	5	Lead	Shot	20	Mudge, 1983
1951-1989	Whooper swan	England, various	23	Lead	-	35	Brown et al., 1992
1981-1986	Whooper swan	Scotland, Northeast	33	Lead	Shot	58	Spray and Milne, 1988
1981-1986	Whooper swan	Scotland, various	24	Lead	-	33	Spray and Milne, 1988
1984-1987	Whooper swan	Ireland, Cork	4	Lead	Shot	100	O'Halloran et al., 1988c
1973-1977	Whooper swan	Sweden	4	Lead	-	25	Frank and Borg, 1979
1984-1987	Whooper swan	Japan	17	Lead	Shot	29	Honda et al., 1990
1989	Whooper swan	Japan	15	Lead	Shot	100	Ochiai et al., 1992
1969-1975	Bewick swan	England, Ouse Washes	25	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	28	Owen and Cadbury, 1975
1979-1981	Bewick swan	England, various	20	Lead	Shot	20	Mudge, 1983
1951-1989	Bewick swan	England, various	150	Lead	-	13	Brown et al., 1992
1984-1987	Bewick swan	Japan	8	Lead	Shot	25	Honda, 1990
1976-1987	Trumpeter swan	USA, 7 states	72	Lead	Fishing weights and shot	25	Blus et al., 1989
1985	Trumpeter swan	USA, Idaho	4	Lead	Mining	75	Kreiger, 1990
1986-1989	Trumpeter swan	USA, Minnesota	116	Lead	Shot	46	Degernes and Frank, 1991
1986-1992	Trumpeter + Tundra swan	USA, Washington	136	Lead	Shot	35	Lagerquist et al., 1994
1989	Trumpeter swan	Canada, B. C.	24	Lead	Shot	38	Langelier et al., 1989
1992	Trumpeter swan	Canada, B. C.	15	Lead	Shot	100	Bowes, 1992
1976-1994	Trumpeter swan	Canada, B. C.	186	Lead	Shot	47	Wilson et al., 1998
1964	Tundra swan	USA, Wisconsin	200	Lead	Shot	32	Trainer and Hunt, 1965a + b
1987-1990	Tundra swan	USA, Idaho	43	Lead	Shot and Mining	79	Blus et al., 1991
1981-1988	Tundra swans	USA, 9 states	171	Lead	-	29	Bartonek et al., 1991
1987-1997	Tundra swan	USA, Idaho	19	Lead	Mining	94	Blus et al., 1999
1972	Tundra swans	Canada, Ontario	31	Lead	Shot	65	Irwin, 1975
1985	Black swan	Australia, south	5	Lead	Shot	100	Koh and Harper, 1988
* Contamination low in all specimens and no effect on eggshell thickness observed ** All specimens were contaminated with cadmium but none were found to have signs of any harmful effects.

Table 1. Studies of Pollution Contamination Responses in Swans. The species of swan, the location and the number of swans studied are shown. The pollutant being examined, its source and the proportion of specimens contaminated/poisoned by the pollutant are also shown. Studies where no response to the contamination was documented, or where the proportion of birds affected was not recorded, have been omitted.